How to read xml file in Java

Reading XML can be done in two different with Selenium and Java

1.We can read XML file in Java from selenium framework with code.

Example XML File (testdata.xml):

<testdata>
<user>
<username>testuser</username>
<password>password123</password>
</user>
<url>https://example.com</url>
</testdata>

Java Code with DOM Parser:

package utilities;

import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import java.io.File;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class ReadXML {

@Test
public void readTestDataXML() {
try {
File file = new File(“src/test/resources/testdata.xml”);

DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = builder.parse(file);

doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();

String username = doc.getElementsByTagName(“username”).item(0).getTextContent();
String password = doc.getElementsByTagName(“password”).item(0).getTextContent();
String url = doc.getElementsByTagName(“url”).item(0).getTextContent();

System.out.println(“Username: ” + username);
System.out.println(“Password: ” + password);
System.out.println(“URL: ” + url);

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

2. We can also use JAXB framework to read the xml file with additional features:

JAXB (Java Architecture for XML Binding) maps XML directly to Java objects.
This is great for structured XML and larger automation frameworks.

Example XML File (user.xml)

<user>
<username>adminUser</username>
<password>adminPass</password>
<role>Admin</role>
</user>

Step 1: Create a Model Class

package model;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name = “user”)
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private String role;

@XmlElement
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

@XmlElement
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}

@XmlElement
public String getRole() {
return role;
}

public void setRole(String role) {
this.role = role;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return “User [username=” + username + “, password=” + password + “, role=” + role + “]”;
}
}

Step 2: Unmarshal XML to Java Object

package utilities;

import model.User;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;
import java.io.File;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class ReadXMLWithJAXB {

@Test

public void readXMLFile() {
try {
File file = new File(“src/test/resources/user.xml”);
JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(User.class);

Unmarshaller jaxbUnmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
User user = (User) jaxbUnmarshaller.unmarshal(file);

System.out.println(“Username: ” + user.getUsername());
System.out.println(“Password: ” + user.getPassword());
System.out.println(“Role: ” + user.getRole());

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}